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THEME PAPER
wastes can produce with the water bodies, for garden, playground, and/
biogas, which can be drainage corridors and or for a municipal school,
used as a fuel or electrical harvesting ponds, reservoirs hospital, fire brigade and
energy. and by sediment traps in housing for affected people.
the catchment zones. In LiFE movement can play
Biodiversity, Greenery water deficient, dry areas a vital role in this task by
and Amenity Spaces the landscape can be in form educating, mobilising and
A study of the present land of Xeriscaping, which can sensitising the citizens.
use pattern in India indicates reduce total water demand Urban Heat Mitigation
shortfall of land under by as much as 50% to 90% by
forests and greens, while micro/just- in -time irrigation. and Climate Resilience
the lands under agricultural Vertical gardens and urban In a dense built-up area air
use are being increasingly farming can provide relief in rises over the warmer city
converted for the highways, the dense areas. Clean, blue and settles down in the cooler
airports and settlements. It is and green networks- river environs. The hot air dome
estimated that an additional front, canals, drains, water and its effect on microclimate
2 to 3 million hectares would bodies, roads and parks are may persist until wind or
be required for human essential for a hygienic and rain disperses it. Increased
settlements during next 10 healthy environment. Trees aerodynamics of built-up
years. Sacrificing agricultural provide shade and moisture, areas cause rapid deceleration
land for habitation implies and roadside trees and parks of wind compared with open
reduction of land for can reduce the temperature by countryside. It has been
0
producing food. The lands up to 10 C. Covering exterior calculated that wind velocity
that sustain agriculture, surfaces of a building with within a city is half of what it is
biodiversity, surface water vegetation is also helpful. over open land. The mutations
and groundwater, fragile and In a city an overall area of and reservation of greenery
sensitive areas, coastal zones, 10 sq. m of greens per capita and open space in windward
etc. need protection and should be reserved for public direction and cooler surface
conservation. greens at city, zonal and materials (roads, parking,
A system of landscaped local levels. In built-up areas buildings, roofs, etc.) help
in mitigating the urban
linkages connecting various reservation of open space heat. The urban heat island
parts of the city, water bodies can be done by adopting effect has a direct bearing
and monuments can provide appropriate regulations on the comfort conditions
a sense of oasis and shelter for redevelopment. The and increased heat results in
from oppressive climate. Government of Maharashtra more air-conditioning and
Peripheral green belts can has notified the regulations for higher use of energy. The LiFE
act as wind breakers, filters Provision of Amenity Spaces movement can be a useful aid
of SPM and dust-storms. The and Open Recreational Spaces to reduce urban heat.
green buffers with indigenous under Unified Development
trees, land formations, Control and Promotion Water Conservation
mounds, embankments, etc. Regulations (UDCPR 2020).
also provide effective barriers These provisions oblige that Water scarcity has become
to transmission of noise. a minimum 10% of space is a persisting problem in
reserved and provided in Indian cities due to climate
The development of plots more than 4000 sqm change, pollution of rivers,
greenways can be integrated against additional FSI or TDR water bodies and massive
October, 2022, Volume 23. No.2 - SHELTER 31