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POLICY REVIEW
dynamic. The city gives them an Entrant to a Smart CIty , 2017 ). Figure 4 Unequal growth in the city
opportunity to enhance their Rural to urban migration changes
skills, earn more than what they the hierarchical order of the
would have in their village in the urban centres (figure-4). The city
rural areas. The city is dependent does not grow uniformly because
on them, and they are dependent of unequal growth of industries,
on the city. The urban poor or the construction work and other
migrant who may be, skilled or activities which generate
unskilled, under or uneducated employment opportunities and
from a rural area moves from attract migrants. Large scale
one place to another in search of arrival in urban centres leads to
work opportunities and better an increased need of transport
living conditions (figure-2). and communication and health (Source: Author)
Figure 2 Migration process (Mehta, 2017) care, educational facilities, The urban poor or migrants stay
institutions, recreational in rented accommodations at the
centres, water supply, sanitation periphery of planned urban city
and power supply (Trunk areas, spread over the acquired
infrastructure). The process of land, once belonging to the native
migration needs due attention residents whose traditional
to resolve problems of habitable occupation was agriculture.
living within the city. The Indian None of the master plans have a
city fails to address this issue; in development policy for making
Migration has impacts on turn leads to poor standards of these enclaves compatible with
economic activity, social living, health hazards, no light, the surrounding urban areas.
conditions, demographic no ventilation, etc. These pockets The urban poor or migrant looks
structure, political activity, in city are not sustainable for cheap rental accommodation,
ecology, physical environment, for living – environmentally, near their work place. The native
and in the urbanisation process socially and economically. residents are unwilling to sell
(figure-3) (Mehta, The first their land, and builds sharing
tenements which help them
Figure 3 Migrant workers gather outside Bandra West Railway Station generate a regular rental income.
As there are no development
control norms, the construction
is devoid of professional
inputs. The physical outcome
is inappropriate utilization of
land resource, a haphazard
urban form and unhealthy
living conditions. In this process,
the socio cultural needs of the
migrant are completely missed
out (figure-5).
(Source: Press Trust of India)
October 2020 Volume 21 No. 2-SHELTER 47
