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POLICY REVIEW

          country. It can also be observed   the ‘stay at home’  directive     View% 20from%20Mumbai.pdf
          that  in all the hilly  states and   becomes an oxymoron to 17 lakh   Barker, J. D. (2012). Social  capital,
          union territories except Delhi     homeless.                         homeless young people and the family.
          less than 1 per cent of the total   Thus,  primary prevention from   Journal of Youth Studies, 15(6), 730–743.
          population is  homeless.  In  the   homelessness could be affordable   Census  of India (2001, 2011). Data  on
          context of Bihar, the maximum      housing, social housing, creating   Disabled  Population.  New Delhi,  India:
          number of homeless households      employment opportunities and      Government  of India, Office  of the
          were observed in the districts of   demolishing    discrimination.   Register General.
          Patna, Muzaffarpur and  Gaya.      Not only the government should    Chauhan, A. (2005). Tehri dam displaced
          These  districts  are  also  among   create urban infrastructure  and   still await rehabilitation. E-Uttaranchal.
          the most urbanised.                amenities but also need to focus   30  August,  http://www.euttaranchal.
          Interestingly,  the employment     on improving, maintaining and     com/news/2005/08/tehri-dam-displaced
          outcomes  of homeless  people      monitoring the  existing  ones. It   Deendayal Antyodaya  Yojana-National
          is higher than that of the total   is needed that the government     Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-
          population  of the  country. It    should abide by  guidelines       NULM). Ministry of Housing and Urban
          reflects  distress  participation   laid down by  the Supreme        Affairs.  Government of  India,  https://
          or  merely work for  survival.     Court and follow the  necessary   nulm.gov.in
          Majority of homeless population    recommendations     concerning    Dupont,  V.,  Tarlo,  E.  and  Vidal,  D.
          in Bihar and  India  fall in  the   the homeless. Moreover, the      (2000). Delhi: Urban Space and Human
          category of main workers. On the   paper also attempts to sensitize   Destinies, New Delhi, Manohar.
          other, female work participation   the individuals  and institutions   DAY-NULM, Ministry of Housing and
          rate   for  the   homeless    is   towards the  specific rights      Urban  Affairs,  Government of  India.
          drastically lower.                 and needs  of the homeless        https://nulm.gov.in/SUH/SUH_Rept_
          The DAY-NULM data also shows       households.                       City_Shelter_Details.aspx
          that  the  funds allocated for the                                   DAY-NULM (2013). The Mission
          creation of homeless  shelters                                       Document, Deen  Dayal  Antyodaya
          remain inadequately utilised.      REFERENCES                        Yojana-National  Urban  Livelihoods
          Therefore, governments should                                        Mission. Ministry of Housing and Urban
          actively spend money set-aside     Ballal, Amritha  (2011). The City  is our   Affairs,  Government of  India,  https://
                                             Home:  the Spatial  Dimension  of Urban
          for the creation of shelters.      Homelessness,  Nizamuddin Basti, New   nulm.gov.in/PDF/NULM_Mission/
          Besides,  the state governments    Delhi. Master Thesis in Urban Ecological   NULM_mission_document.pdf
          should  pay proper attention       Planning. Norwegian University of   Ghosh, Subhamay (2020). Understanding
          to  the maintenance  of  already   Science and Technology, Trondheim.    Homelessness in Neoliberal City: A Study
          created  infrastructure to cater   Bannerjee Das, P. (2001). Homelessness   from Delhi. Journal of Asian and African
          to the needs  of  the homeless.     in India.  Unpublished report got   Studies. Vol. 55(2) 285–297.
          Homeless      households     are   a study of homelessness  in nine   Glaeser  E (2011). Triumph of the City:
          subjected to systemic negligence   developing countries. CARDO, School of   How Urban Spaces Makes Us Human.
          and multiple vulnerabilities.      Architecture, Planning and Landscape,   London: Pan Macmillan.
          In recent times, the Covid-19      Newcastle University, United Kingdom   Hartsuiker, D. (1993). Sadhus: Holy Men
          pandemic  has  further made        Banerjee-Guha, S. n.d. http://www.udri.  of India. London, Thames and Hudson.
          the homeless  more  vulnerable     org/wpcontent/uploads/  Mumbai%20  Hausner,  S. L. (2008). Wandering with
          and  victims  of  marginalisation.   Reader/ MR%2010/03% 20Swapna%   Sadhus: Ascetics in the Hindu Himalayas
          Further, following the complete    20Banerjee-Guha%20%20Homeless%20  Indiana, Indiana University Press.
          lockdown     in   the   country,   in%   20Neoliberal%20Cities%2C%20




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