Page 5 - HUDCO-SHELTER-April22
P. 5
THEME PAPER
URBANIZATION, HOUSING, AND HOUSEHOLD
AMENITIES IN INDIA AND CHINA
DR. ARJUN KUMAR This article aims to illustrate urbanization, adequate and
the trends and patterns of affordable housing, and
urbanization, urban housing, human settlements. By 2007,
and household amenities, their half of the world’s population
challenges, and the character of lived in urban areas. As
emerging habitat and settlements per estimations, 60% of the
in India and China. The rationale global population will reside
behind the whole exercise is that in urban settlements by 2030
(United Nations, 2014). The
India and China are the two population in Indian urban
most populous countries of the centres accounts for 11% of
world and their citizens bear the
“It is important to incorporate brunt of the ‘urban governance the global urban population,
affordable and social housing conundrum’. It provides an the second largest in the
and youth aspirations and analysis of the urbanization and world after China (The
opportunities for inclusive urban housing policies of both World Bank, 2020). With
China and India placing
growth of urban centers and the countries towards how both paramount importance on
ensuring ‘Right to Housing’. ” nations can be the torchbearers economic growth, both the
of an urban housing revolution countries bear appreciable
and inclusive and sustainable responsibility towards
habitat. planning a sustainable
and inclusive urbanization
INTRODUCTION and combating existing
Cities are the engines of challenges.
productivity and prosperity. The challenges to India’s
However, unbridled urbanization are manifold
urbanization poses a burden - including a complex and
Key words: Urbanisation, Housing, on natural resources and diverse urban governance
Household amenities, India, China, public facilities and reinforces landscape, growth in the
SDG. urban-rural inequalities. absence of ‘master plans’,
In the era of Sustainable sub-optimal utilisation of
Dr. Arjun Kumar (arjun@impriindia. Development Goals (SDGs), it
org) is Director, IMPRI Impact has become mandatory to have urban land, an increasing risk
and Policy Research Institute, New responsible and sustainable of water scarcity, planning for
Delhi and China-India Visiting disaster mitigation, pressure
Scholars (CIVS) Fellow (2020-21), smart cities and urban on coastal habitation, and
Ashoka University and Asia Century transformation founded on addressing slums and the
Foundation. the principles of conscious magnitude of informal
TER
SHEL
April 2022 Volume 23 No. 1 - SHELTER 3 3
April 2022 V
olume 23 No. 1 -
