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THEME PAPER
mitigating the effects of urban 60% of the population is not rains, etc.. A series of low
heat island. covered by sewerage system, carbon zones across the city
Water Conservation and the treatment facilities with co-located tri-generation
Efficiency are inadequate. Various energy systems (combining
alternative technologies, power, cooling and heating),
Water scarcity has become a based on decentralized dual piping for recycled water
persisting problem in Indian services, like Extended and automated, segregated
cities due to rapid urban Aeration Technique, Bio-gas waste collection and recycling
growth, haphazard and production, Bubble Diffusion can lead to bundling ‘green
unplanned development. The Process, Flotation, Anaerobic infrastructure’ together.
average annual per capita reactors, etc. can be explored
water availability in the for urban sanitation. Air Quality
country has gone down from Air quality in Indian
5,236 cubic meters in 1951 to Intelligent, alternative and cities is deteriorating due
1800 cubic meters in 1991. innovative ways to provide to indiscriminate use of
Several cities in India have services are necessary for low fossil fuels and vehicular
become water stressed. Only carbon development. The use and industrial emissions.
18% of the renewable water of IT, simulation, automation According to the surveys
resource is being used. India, and robotics can make them conducted by the CPCB,
though endowed with a good smart and intelligent. The ambient air quality in Delhi
monsoon and ample rainfall, common method of land has reached a very critical
uses only 10% of the annual filling for solid waste disposal situation. Relatively high
rainfall. The parameters is an environmental disaster. frequency of suspended
of concern are increasing Instead, decentralized particulate matter, dust,
coliform levels and Bio- systems based on recycling, SPM, SO , NO , CO and
and
energy
generation
2
2
2
chemical Oxygen demand heavy metals, including
(BOD) in surface waters and organic decomposting should lead content in the exhaust
be explored. Three bins
increased concentration of provide separate bins for of automobiles and scooters
nitrates in the groundwater. have been observed. The
To overcome the health trash, recyclable and compost. recent changes in the fuel
Collection charges drop as
problems, water sources need trash drops. Biotechnology, like electric and hydrogen
to be protected by interception, enzyme based STP, bio- vehicles, adoption of clean
recycling and treatment of remedial treatment vessel technologies, new emission
wastewater. Water resources system, sludge gas/energy norms, and development of
can be augmented through recovery, vermi-culture, shared taxis, NMTs and mass
recharging of groundwater fossilization and compositing rapid transport system can
resources, rainwater options can be adopted reduce the pollution levels
harvesting, conservation of for solid and liquid waste due to vehicular emissions.
rivers and water bodies, dual
plumbing and recycling of management. Clean Transport and Transit
Oriented Development
wastewater. Common utility ducts or
tunnels carrying electricity, Prime Minister Narendra
Sanitation and Decentralised water, pneumatic waste, cable Modi, while inaugurating the
Intelligent Services
television and broadband Global Mobility Summit in
Surveys of Indian cities reveal internet minimize damage September 2018, encapsulated
that though approximately from traffic, road repairs, 7 Cs of mobility-common,
October 2021 Volume 22 No. 2 - SHELTER 17
