Page 50 - Shelter-October-2022
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POLICY REVIEW
heavy erosion due to SLR. The construction of properties in and capacity building,
State launched a Resettlement the coastal zones potentially development of an early
and Rehabilitation Policy vulnerable to SLR. These warning system, disaster risk
in 2011 for 571 affected coastal properties will be reduction (DRR) policies,
families. These families exposed to future sea level insurance mechanism to
were popular as India’s first rise and associated flooding. cover the loss of lives and
“climate refugees”, and were properties. Adaptation efforts
compensated with houses, Urban planning provides an would require development
agricultural plots and other important instrument for sea of regional coastal adaptation
facilities at a place 12 km level rise risk mitigation/ plans outlining the potential
away from Satabhaya (Panda, adaptation efforts. The risks due to SLR as well
2020). With SLR in future, disaster management as strategies which can be
there will be many more process should focus on adopted to address them. This
climate refugees which needs sustainable adaptation which part will also require funding
to be saved and rehabilitated. can ensure “socially and towards development of
We need to plan in advance environmentally sustainable community-led adaptation
for them. development pathways projects so that shortcomings
including both social justice in the efforts at local scale
THE ROLE OF URBAN and environmental integrity” could be identified and
PLANNING (Hurlimann et al., 2014). The remediated.
disaster risk reduction should
Planning of coasts is a be mainstreamed in all the India has notified Coastal
controversial issue given the development plans for coastal Regulation Zones (CRZ)
importance of coasts in local regions. Gradually the attempt regulations in 1991 dividing
economy. The Indian coastline should be to radically expand the landward area upto 500
underwent substantial and enhance disaster risk meters from high tide line
modification due to an reduction so that it becomes (HTL) into four zones and
upsurge in developmental a normal routine exercise and restricting the economic
activities, which coupled with fully institutionalized within activities in each of these
SLR, has led to severe coastal the development agenda. The zones as per their ecological
erosion. India has already plans should include both sensitivity (https://www.
lost 235 km of land to coastal structural and non-structural thehindu.com/features/
2
erosion between 1990 and mitigation and adaptation h o m e s - a n d - g a r d e n s /
2016 (Panda, 2020). In 2019, measures. Structural Building-norms-for-coastal-
the Ministry of Environment, mitigation measures would zones/article14428006.ece).
Forests and Climate Change require investment on CRZ-I include areas that
(MoEFCC), Government development of robust are ecologically sensitive
of India diluted the coastal engineering measures which and important, such as
protection rules [Earlier can resist the impact of hazard. national parks/marine
rules prohibited construction Such measures, if developed parks, sanctuaries, reserve
activity within the 100 metres in consonance with natural forests, wildlife habitats,
of the High Tide Line (HTL), environment, will be long- mangroves, corals/coral
however, the new rules lasting and more fruitful. reefs, areas close to breeding
notified by the Ministry Non-structural mitigation and spawning grounds of fish
changed the no development measures would involve and other marine life. No new
zone to 10 metres from the expenditure on awareness construction is permitted in
HTL], thereby allowing more
48 HUDCO-HSMI Publication
