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THEME PAPER

CHALLENGES IN COST EFFECTIVE, ECO

-FRIENDLY AND DISASTER RESILIENT

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

DR. SUNIL KUMAR As the number of buildings high-rise urban structures.
and associated infrastructures
urbanization
Increasing
CHAUDHARY increases drastically in order causes the deterioration of
to cope with the increasing the urban environment, as
population in cities, tremendous the size of housing plots
resources are required for the decreases, thus increasing
construction, and maintenance densities and crowding out
of these buildings. Design of greeneries (Santamouris
these buildings become very et al., 2001). Cities tend to
crucial. Over the years, there record higher temperatures
“Currently, there is also lack has been tremendous effort put than their non-urbanized
of understanding of the inter- in to design “cost effective, eco surroundings, a phenomenon
relationship between urban friendly and disaster resilient known as urban heat island
(UHI) (Oke, 1982; Jusuf et al.,
and building systems. Such Buildings”. Building systems 2007). Earlier studies show
understanding is crucial as such as air conditioning and strong relation between urban
lighting are energy guzzlers,
studies have shown that the which can consume more than morphology and increasing
micro climates, which are very 60% of the energy consumption air temperature within city
much governed by the urban in a typical building. They centres. Urban structures
systems could have major can also impact the indoor absorb solar heat during the
impact on the energy, thermal, environmental quality. Thus, day and release it during the
and lighting performance of energy efficiency of the systems night. Densely built area tends
buildings.” is crucial. Selection of materials, to trap heat, which is released
which can minimize the embodied from urban structures into
energy and construction waste the urban environment,
is also important. Challenges in increasing urban air
cost effective, eco- friendly and temperature compared to
disaster resilient design and surrounding rural areas and
construction have been discussed causes UHI effect. UHI affects
in detail in this article. A case street level thermal comfort,
Keywords: cost-effective, eco-friendly, study has also been discussed. health, environment quality,
disaster resilient, design, construction and may increase the urban
INTRODUCTION energy demand.
Dr Sunil Kumar Chaudhary
(sunil2282@cimp.ac.in) is Executive Cities are growing toward As the number of buildings
Engineer, Road Construction megacities with higher density and associated infrastructures
Department, Vaishali Road Division, urban planning, narrower increases drastically in order
Hazipur, Bihar urban corridors, and more to cope with the increasing

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April 2022 Volume 23 No. 1 - SHELTER 23
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